What is the "official" definition of Pseudo-Jones FX?
A Jones fracture or Pseudo-Jones Fractures is a transverse fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal. It should not extend distally, nor should it extend to involve the articular surfaces.
What is the "etiology" (causes) of Pseudo-Jones FX?
Type I is an acute fracture with no history of a previous injury and no intramedullary sclerosis. Type II is a delayed union fracture with a previous fracture or injury with a widened fracture line and intramedullary sclerosis. Type III is a non-union fracture that coincides with a history of a recurrent injury with a wider fracture line with a complete obliteration of the medullary canal. The patient with an avulsion fracture experiences the sudden onset of pain at the base of the fifth metatarsal. A Jones fracture represents an avulsion injury that results from plantar flexion and inversion of the foot, as occurs when stepping off a curb or falling when walking down stairs. This is also known as a Dancers fracture, since many people incur this injury while participating in activities such as dancing.
What is the "prognosis" of Pseudo-Jones FX?
Non-operative treatment is common in most cases of acute Jones Fracture. Generally Jones Fractures are only minimally displaced and can be placed in a non-weight-bearing cast for 6-8 weeks. Jones fracture surgery is usually performed if the fracture is displaced, if it does not heal properly, or if the problem is chronic. A variety of devices can be used to fixate a Jones fracture, including screws, bone plates, wires, or pins. Complications associated with surgical fixation include persistent pain at the base of the fifth metatarsal and may require screw removal and shoe modifications. In addition, surgical treatment of acute Jones fractures may result in delayed union, nonunion or refracture.
What is the "incidence" of Pseudo-Jones FX in the United States?
Pseudo-Jones fractures can account for over 90% of the fractures diagnosed at the base of the fifth metatarsal. Since Jones Fracture's are so common, no incidental data was found.
What is the "prevalance" of Pseudo-Jones FX in the United States?
Fractures of the base of the metatarsal are the most common because they are so easy to break with just the twist of the ankle and/or to much force on the foot. Metatarsal fractures represent 5% to 6% of all fractures treated in primary care (Hatch). They are equally common among men and women and among all racial groups.
What is the "mortality rate" of Pseudo-Jones FX in the United States?
In general these fractures can be treated conservatively, and heal well. There is no data of a mortality rate, I'm guessing because you couldn't die from just a break of the metatarsals; only from other factors like if surgery is needed then dying from something the surgeon did.
What is the "morbidity rate" of Pseudo-Jones FX in the United States?
Jones fractures are prone to non-union (with rates as high as 30 - 50%) and almost always take longer than 2 months heal 2. As displacement of the fracture can be increased with persistent weight bearing, immobilization is important as part of the initial therapy, with a non-weight bearing cast for 6 - 8 weeks. This makes it a moderate morbidity rate due to the fact that the patient should stay off the foot which could interrupt with the patients regular activity.
Under which "causative agent" can Pseudo-Jones FX be classified?
Exogenous, because its due to some type of trauma of the foot.
Which classification is Pseudo-Jones FX? Additive or Destructive
Additive, due to associated swelling of soft tissue surrounding the fracture site.
Radiographically, how is Pseudo-Jones FX portrayed on a general imaging study?
A Jones fracture is located at the metadiaphyseal junction, approximately 2cm (1.5 - 3cm) from the tip of the 5th metatarsal, and has a predominantly horizontal course. It should not extend distally, nor should it extend to involve the articular surfaces.
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